As for the difference between DVI, HDMI and Component Video, RGB, the signal is delivered in digital format by the former group, which use ones and zeros bit-stream to make the picture information being conveyed, while the latter one as analog standards and the signal will be delivered in a continuously-varying-voltages form.
But there is something in commom. Over video interface that is respective, the information in red, green, and blue is delivered on the data channels or called ‘wires’ which is separate, by all of these four. So it does not matter which standard it is.
What is HDMI ( Supports Video Audio and Data )
HDMI stands for High definition Multimedia interface. It has high Definition Digital Video and Digital Audio in single cable.
HDMI is the standard for HDTVs, and carries audio, so it's the least hassle if you're going to plug your PC into a TV at some point. If you're going 4K, the old HDMI 1.4 specification only supports 30Hz at that resolution (except with a bit of clever trickery which reduces color quality). But there's good news: HDMI 2.0 is here, and the GeForce GTX 900 series meets the specification.
If you have a video card and 4K display which support HDMI 2.0, you should be able to get 4K/60Hz with full color quality over a standard high speed HDMI cable. Not that you probably are, as 4K is still a baby, but this is important to note in case anyone tries to sell you "HDMI 2.0 cables." Pure bullshit. The HDMI 2.0 specification is not a cable specification. HDMI Forum says so: "HDMI 2.0 does not define new cables or new connectors. Current High Speed cables (Category 2 cables) are capable of carrying the increased bandwidth."
What is DVI ( Supports Video only )
DVI stands for Digital Visual Interface. Many HDTV’s, computer monitors, DVD’s and set top Boxes for Satellite or Digital Cable TV have these connectors.
DVI was developed with VGA connector standard. DVI is designed to carry digital video data to a display.
DVI is partially compatible with HDMI standard in digital mode (DVI-D), and VGA in analog mode (DVI-A).
It has been superseded by HDMI in televisions. The DVI standard has wider acceptance in the PC industry (both in desktop PCs and monitors). Both DVI and HDMI deliver the signal in a digital format.
What is Component Video
Component Video: To some extent, Component Video makes color information broken up over three components like the the way DVI and HDMI do. But the content in these compoents and that in above cable interconnects’ three data channels of the are not the same.
In the data link of DVI or HDMI, each channel stands for information in red, green and blue, which is separate yet complete, while in component video, three wire carrying three different signal with information of 'color-difference'
l Luminance – Either 'Y' or 'green' channel;
l Red Minus Luminance - Either 'Pr' or 'V' channel;
l Blue Minus Luminance - Either 'Pb' or 'U' channel.
What is RGB
RGB (RGsB, RGBS, and RGBHV are variants): In a way , RGB developed from Component Video. Thare are three principal varieties of RGB, where connections of different numbers are needed.
RGBHV is the most normal one. There are five lines, which is for color, horizontal sync and vertical sync respectively. RGBHV are applied to VGA or monitors of different analog PC computer. With four connections, RGBS on one channel, combine the horizontal sync and vertical sync. But RGsB(sync-on-green), put the sync information with channel of green color. But still, these variants and component video are not compatible.
Now you may find that these four standards are pretty much similar. What makes their performance different are actually largely related to display devices as well as source’s characteristics, and of course quality of relevant cables and connectors.
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